data model, data specification and exchange standard for geographic data for road transport applications

properties of spatial configuration invariant under continuous transformation

NOTE In a digital map database this means the logical relationships among map features. It can be used to characterize spatial relationships such as connectivity and adjacency.

graph which can be embedded in a plane, meaning that it can be drawn on the plane so that Edges intersect only at a Node mutually incident with them

hierarchical data structure which on a next lower level subdivides a given area into four quadrants of the same size where any level has knowledge of its four sublevels and its parent level

directed sequence of non-intersecting Line Segments with Nodes at each end

aggregation of linearly connected regular links present in the lowest level as a simplified representation of the road network in higher levels

ordered aggregation of links which are at the same level, are connected in sequence, and share the same functional classification, form of way, direction of travel, and perhaps additional characteristics

EXAMPLE Each link is contained in exactly one multilink.

node at the end of a link away from which the link is topologically oriented

NOTE See also “to” node, origin node, destination node, source node, and target node. When a link is travelled in the direction of topological orientation, the “from” node is the origin node. When it is travelled in the direction opposite topological orientation, the “from” node is the destination node.

node at the end of a link from which travel takes place

NOTE See also destination node, “from” node, “to” node, source node, and target node. When a link is travelled in the direction of topological orientation, the origin node is the “from” node. When it is travelled in the direction opposite topological orientation, the origin node is the “to” node.

node at the end of a link from which exploration takes place for route calculation

NOTE See also target node, origin node, destination node, “from” node, and “to” node. When forward exploration is taking place from the origin of the route, the source node of a link is its origin node. When reverse exploration is taking place from the destination of the route, the source node of a link is its destination node.

number of edges which are incident with a particular Node

identifier assigned to a node

NOTE 1 to entry: A node identifier can be arbitrary, or can be assigned by convention, to ensure that multiple occurrences of the same identifier will not occur within one network or within the universe of similar networks or databases.

small part of an area enclosed by another area, seen from the enclosing area

location reference generated on-the-fly based on geographic properties in a digital map database

NOTE Also known as DLR1 because this is the first LRM under dynamic profile.

location that has a one-dimensional character

EXAMPLE A road segment.

complete system by which location references are generated, according to a location referencing method, and communicated, including standards, definitions, software, hardware, and databases

reference label which is assigned to a location

NOTE 1 to entry: With a single LRM, one reference shall define unambiguously and exactly one location in the location referencing system. The reference is the string of data which is passed between different implementations of a location referencing system to identify the location.

two-dimensional location, representing a geographical region on the surface of the earth

location reference using a unique identifier that is agreed upon in both sender and receiver system to select a location from a set of pre-coded locations

data model entity for a government-designated code used to specify regions for addressing

NOTE Postal code is related to link, navigable feature name, place, and POI.

standardized method for referencing geographic locations including points, links between points and geographic areas

location to be used to position location-based status information

EXAMPLE A location for speed limit information or traffic level information.

level associated with places of place classification “administrative subdivision”

NOTE Higher/lower level situations are constituted by the occurrence of a parent/child place relationship between places.

attribute of place entity, classifying into highest administrative or geographic division, administrative subdivision, postal, or colloquial (e.g. regions or neighbourhoods)

NOTE Place class can be partially ordered as “place class A is below place class B“. This does not imply strict or complete containment.